BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Tourism.
Dedo de Deus, Rio de Janeiro, and location map.
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 06.07.1991.
Face value: 350 Brazilian cruzeiros.
Design: Lúcia TV Ramos & Álvaro A. Martins.
Printed by Casa da Moeda do Brasil.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 2,125,000 copies.
Size: 44 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 2423.
- Scott No. 2323.
- StampWorld No. 2445.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 2488.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2028.

The Dedo de Deus (“Finger of God”) is a peak at 1,692 m (5,551 ft) in altitude whose outline resembles a hand pointing the index finger to the sky. It is one of several geological monuments of the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, which is located in the Serra do Mar, near the city of Teresópolis, in Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region. The first to step on the summit were José Guimarães Teixeira, Raul Carneiro and the Américo brothers, Alexandre and Acácio de Oliveira, on April 9, 1912.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

ARGENTINA

ARGENTINA.

Year of Tourism in the Americas.
Iguazu Falls.
Stamp issued on 16.12.1972.
Face value: 45 Argentine centavos.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 1,000,000 copies.
Size: 66 x 30 mm.

Catalogs
- Cefiloza No. 1132.
- Götig & Jalil No. 1602.
- Michel No. 1135.
- Scott No. 985.
- StampWorld No. 1159.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1410.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 935.

Iguazu Falls (in Spanish, Cataratas del Iguazú; in Guarani, Chororõ Yguasu; in Portuguese, Cataratas do Iguaçu), formed by the Iguazu River on the border of the Argentine province of Misiones and the Brazilian state of Paraná, are the largest in the world. Most of the falls (80%) are on the Argentine side, and at its confluence with the San Antonio River, the Iguazu River serves as the border between Argentina and Brazil. The falls have different heights; the largest is 82 m (269 ft). Its average flow is 1,756 m³ per second (62,010 ft³/s). The first European to register the existence of the falls was the Spanish Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca in 1542, who called them “Saltos de Santa María”; However, the first to spot them had been Aleixo García, a castaway from the expedition of Juan Díaz de Solís, in 1524, when he crossed that region in search of the Sierra de la Plata. In 1934 the Argentine government established the Iguazú National Park, which was declared a World Heritage Site by Unesco in 1984.

PARAGUAY

PARAGUAY.

International bridge over the Paraná River, between Paraguay and Brazil.
Fourth stamp in a set of 5, issued on 26.01.1961.
Face value: 0.75 Paraguayan guaraní.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Printed by Casa de Moneda de Chile.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 872A.
- Scott No. 575.
- StampWorld No. 908.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 894.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 591.

Known as the International Friendship Bridge (Spanish: Puente Internacional de la Amistad; Portuguese: Ponte Internacional da Amizade) it was built between 1959 and 1965 over the Paraná River, and connects the cities of Foz do Iguaçu (Brazil) and Ciudad del Este (Paraguay). It is 552.4 m (1,812 ft) long and 78 m (256 ft) high. It was officially inaugurated on March 27, 1965 by the presidents of Paraguay, Alfredo Stroessner, and of Brazil, Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Tourism.
Pedra do Sal, Piauí.
Second stamp in a set of 3, issued on 19.12.1975.
Face value: 0.70 Brazilian cruzeiros.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 1,500,000 copies.
Size: 41 x 29 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1515.
- RHM No. C-917.
- Scott No. 1419.
- StampWorld No. 1532.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1570.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1177.

Pedra do Sal is a beach located on Ilha Grande de Santa Isabel, a river island in the Delta of the Parnaíba River, in the state of Piauí. Stones abound on the beach. There is also a lighthouse inaugurated on March 4, 1873: it is a 12.5 m (41 ft) metal octagonal tower.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Jump of the 7 Falls of Guaíra (7ª queda de Guaira).
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 29.04.1982.
Face value: 21 cruzeiros.
Printing: Offset lithography.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1896.
- Scott No. 1796.
- StampWorld No. 1913.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1953.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1534.

The Guaíra (or Guairá) Falls (Portuguese: Salto das Sete Quedas do Guaíra; Spanish: Saltos del Guairá) were a series of immense waterfalls on the Paraná River along the border between Brazil and Paraguay. They ceased to exist in 1982, when they were completely submerged by the reservoir of the Itaipu dam. There were 19 jumps, 7 of them primary (the stamp shows the fifth). The falls were about 380 m (1,250 ft) wide and about 114 m (375 ft) high.

BRAZIL

 BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Census of Population.
Simplified map of Brazil.
Airmail. Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 10.07.1950.
Face value: 1.20 Brazilian cruzeiros.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 2,000,000 copies.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 756.
- RHM. No. A77.
- Scott No. C80.
- StampWorld No. 771.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 801.
- Yvert et Tellier No. PA 66.

The population census carried out in July 1950 resulted in 51,944,397 inhabitants, which represented an increase of 26.2% compared to the previous census, in 1940. In the 2020 census, the country's population was 211,476,000 inhabitants. The first unofficial census was taken in Brazil in 1550 and gave an estimated population of 15,000, a figure that had doubled fifty years later. The first official census was taken in 1876.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Tourism.
Guarapari Beach, Espírito Santo.
First stamp in a set of 3, issued on 19.12.1975.
Face value: 0.70 Brazilian cruzeiros.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 1,500,000 copies.
Size: 41 x 29 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1514.
- RHM No. C916.
- Scott No. 1418.
- StampWorld No. 1531.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1565.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1176.

Guarapari is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Its population, in 2018, was 122,982 inhabitants. The city, as well as the entire central state region, has several granite outcrops and many inlets, protected bays and more than thirty beaches, famous for their high level of natural radioactivity.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Jump of the 7 Falls of Guaíra (5ª queda de Guaíra).
First stamp in a set of 2, issued on 29.04.1982.
Face value: 17 cruzeiros.
Printing: Offset lithography.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1895.
- Scott No. 1795.
- StampWorld No. 1912.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1952.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1533.

The Guaíra (or Guairá) Falls (Portuguese: Salto das Sete Quedas do Guaíra; Spanish: Saltos del Guairá) were a series of immense waterfalls on the Paraná River along the border between Brazil and Paraguay. They ceased to exist in 1982, when they were completely submerged by the reservoir of the Itaipu dam. There were 19 jumps, 7 of them primary (the stamp shows the fifth). The falls were about 380 m (1,250 ft) wide and about 114 m (375 ft) high.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL.

IV Centenary of the Colonization of Brazil.
Map of Brazil in South America.
First stamp in a set of 5, issued on 03.06.1932.
Face value: 20 Brazilian réis.
Printing: Typography.
Print: 5,000,000 copies.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 371.
- Scott No. 359.
- StampWorld No. 379.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 513.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 236.

The first European occupants of the coasts of present-day Brazilian territory were French and Dutch. In 1530 Portugal, which considered Brazil its own territory since 1500, expelled them, and in 1532 (date that is considered the beginning of the colonization) the first city was founded on Brazilian soil, São Vicente. In 1533 King John III divided his Brazilian possessions into fourteen hereditary captaincies and granted them to Portuguese nobles; but in 1549 he was appointed a Governor General to administer all of Portuguese America. Then, between 1763 and 1808 Brazil was a Viceroyalty, and in 1808 it became a kingdom when the Portuguese royal family settled there, after the occupation of their country by Napoleonic troops. On December 16, 1815, a United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves was established and Brazil was granted a privilege of autonomy. On September 7, 1822, the Empire of Brazil declared their Independence, recognized by Portugal in the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro, on August 29, 1825.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Tourism.
Torres, Rio Grande do Sul. Cliffs.
Last stamp in a set of 3, issued on 19.12.1975.
Face value: 0.70 Brazilian cruzeiros.
Printing: Offset lithography.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1516.
- RHM No. C-918.
- Scott No. 1420.
- StampWorld No. 1533.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1571.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1178.

Torres is a Brazilian municipality located in the extreme north of the Atlantic coast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The landscape of the city stands out for being the only beach in Rio Grande do Sul where rocky walls (falésias) stand out next to the sea, known as “Towers” of Garita beach, made of volcanic basalt, and for having in front of it the only maritime island in the state, Ilha dos Lobos. European colonization of the area began well into the 16th century. Among the pioneers who ventured into these areas were the slave hunters, who came in search of Indians. The Torres development (which is now a city of about 40,000 inhabitants) began in the 1810s, when the area was studied by the French naturalist Augustin de Saint-Hilaire. Towards the end of the 19th century, Torres became a tourist attraction due to its long beaches and the beauty of its landscapes.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED).
Simplified map of Brazil.
Third stamp in a set of 3, issued on 03.06.1992.
Face value: 3000 Brazilian cruzeiros.
Design: Evelyn Grumach.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 1,500,000 copies.

Catalogues
- Michel No. 2478.
- RHM No. C-1800.
- Scott No. 2369.
- StampWorld No. 2502.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 2538.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2073.

The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the “Earth Summit”, was held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3 to 14, 1992. This global conference, held on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the first Human Environment Conference in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1972, brought together political leaders, diplomats, scientists, representatives of the media and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) from 179 countries for a massive effort to focus on the impact of human socio-economic activities on the environment. 

ARGENTINA

ARGENTINA.

Definitive stamps. Iguazu Falls.
Stamp issued on 01.12.1955.
Face value: Argentine pesos moneda nacional.
Design: Renato Garrasi (Garassi?, 1915-1990?).
Engraving: Volumnio Cerichelli.
Printing: Recess.
Printed by Casa de Moneda de la Nación, Buenos Aires.
Size: 44 x 34 mm.

Catalogues
- Cefiloza No. 722.
- Götig and Jalil No. 1052.
- Michel No. 628.
- Scott No. 639a.
- StampWorld No. 650.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 875a.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 549.

Iguazu Falls (in Spanish, Cataratas del Iguazú; in Guarani, Chororõ Yguasu; in Portuguese, Cataratas do Iguaçu), formed by the Iguazu River on the border of the Argentine province of Misiones and the Brazilian state of Paraná, are the largest in the world. Most of the falls (80%) are on the Argentine side, and at its confluence with the San Antonio River, the Iguazu River serves as the border between Argentina and Brazil. The falls have different heights; the largest is 82 m (269 ft). Its average flow is 1,756 m³ per second (62,010 ft³/s). The first European to register the existence of the falls was the Spanish Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca in 1542, who called them “Saltos de Santa María”; However, the first to spot them had been Aleixo García, a castaway from the expedition of Juan Díaz de Solís, in 1524, when he crossed that region in search of the Sierra de la Plata. In 1934 the Argentine government established the Iguazú National Park, which was declared a World Heritage Site by Unesco in 1984.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

National Climate Program (Programa Nacional do Clima).
With a simplified map of Brazil.
Stamp issued on 18.03.1985.
Face value: 5 cruzeiros.
Design: Lucia TV Ramos.
Printing: Offset.

Catalogues
- Michel No. 2096.
- StampWorld No. 2113.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1718.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

VIII General Assembly of the Panamerican Surity Association
("VIII Assembleia Geral da Associação Pan-Americana de Fianças e Garantias).
Stylized map of the American continent.
Stamp issued on 07.05.1984.
Face value: 65 Brasilian cruzeiros.
Dessign: Felipe Eduardo.

Catalogues
- Michel No. 2035.
- StampWorld No. 2052.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1659.

The Panamerican Surety Association (Asociación Panamericana de Finanzas; Associação Pan-Americana de Fianças e Garantias; Association panamericaine de cautionnement) is a non-profit institution founded in 1972 by a group of surety companies from the American continent. Today, with members in 35 countries on three continents, the APF represents the global market for surety, surety, guarantees, credit insurance and their respective reinsurance. Its operational office is located in Buenos Aires.

BRAZIL

BRAZIL / BRASIL.

Promulgation of the Constitution of Guanabara State.
Stylized mapa of Guanabara State.
Stamp issued on 27.03.1961.
Face value: 7.50 Brazilian cruzeiros.
Printed by Casa da Moeda do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro.
Size: 35,1 x 21,1 mm.

Catalogues
- Michel No. 999.
- RHM No. C458.
- Scott No. 917 (?).
- StampWorld No. 1014.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 702.