NEPAL

NEPAL / नेपाल

Kulekhani Dam and Indra Salobar Reservoir.
Stamp issued on 8.12.1982.
Face value: 2 Nepalese rupee.
Design: M. N. Rana.
Engraved and printed by Carl Ueberreuter Druck, Wien.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 1,500,000 copies.
Size: 36 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 424.
- Scott No. 406.
- StampWorld No. 420.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 428.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 394.

The Kulekhani Dam is a rock-fill dam on the Kulekhani River, in Makwanpur District of Narayani Zone. Its construction began in 1977 and ended in 1982. The dam, 114 m (374 ft) high, creates a reservoir called Indra Sarobar, with an area of 2.2 km² (0.85 sq mi) and a length of 7 km (4.3 mi), which stores 85,300,000 m³ (69,200 acre⋅ft) of water. From the reservoir, the water is sent to the Kulekhani I hydroelectric plant through a 5.8 km (3.6 mi) inlet tunnel; the difference in elevation between the reservoir and the power station affords a net hydraulic head of 550 m (1,800 ft).

GERMANY

GERMANY / DEUTSCHLAND.

Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park.
Stamp issued on 03.06.2004.
Face value: 55 Euro cents.
Design: Barbara Dimanski.
Printed by Giesecke & Devrient.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 28,500,000 copies.
Size: 35 x 35 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 3331.
- Michel No. 2407.
- Scott No. 2286.
- StampWorld No. 2269.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 3277.
- Unificato No. 2239.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2232.

The Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park (German: Nationalpark Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wattenmeer) is in the Schleswig-Holstein area of the German Wadden Sea. It was founded by the Parliament of Schleswig-Holstein on October 1, 1985 and expanded significantly in 1999. In the North Frisian area, it includes the mudflats around the geest based and marsh islands and the Halligen. With an area of 4,410 km² it covers an area from the North Sea coast of Schleswig-Holstein by the Danish border in the north to the Elbe estuary in the south. The land element consists mainly of salt marshes. Since 1990, the national park, including the North Frisian Halligen, has been designated as a UNESCO recognised biosphere. Together with other German and Dutch Wadden Sea areas it became a UNESCO World Heritage Site on 26 June 2009 because of its relatively undisturbed intertidal ecosystem and its unique biodiversity.

SAUDI ARABIA

SAUDI ARABIA / العربيّة السّعودية.

Wadi Hanifa Dam.
Stamp issued in 1966.
Face value: 2 Saudi piastre.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 35 x 25.5 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 216.
- Scott No. 287.
- StampWorld No. 326.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 558.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 245A.

In the vicinity of Riyadh, in the course of the Wadi Hanifa, several dams were built for irrigation and to avoid the risk of flooding in case of torrential rains; the most important are those of Al Elb and Al Ha’ir (represented in the stamp).

EL SALVADOR

EL SALVADOR.

America UPAE issue.
Chichontepec Volcano.
First stamp in a set of 2, issued on 11.10.1990.
Face value: 25 cents of Salvadoran colón.
Printed by D. S. G.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 40 x 35 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1813.
- Scott No. 1251.
- StampWorld No. 1886.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 2131.

Chichontepec (or San Miguel, or Los Chiches) is a stratovolcano in central El Salvador, in the American Cordillera, about 60 kilometers east of the capital city San Salvador. The volcano has two summits and two craters, one located in each summit, although not exactly at the top. His elevation is 2,182 m (7,159 ft). Numerous hot springs and fumaroles are found on the northern and western flanks of the mountain. The last significant eruption occurred more than 1,700 years ago. The volcano may have had a very long history of repeated, and sometimes violent, eruptions, and at least once a large section of the volcano collapsed in a massive landslide.

ANGOLA

ANGOLA (República Portuguesa, Portuguese colony).

Infrastructures.
Craveiro Lopes [now Biópio] dam.
Airmail. Fifth stamp in a set of 10, issued on 12.07.1965.
Face value: 4.50 Angolan escudos.
Printed by Casa da Moeda, Liaboa.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 1,000,000 copies.
Size: 40 x 28 mm.

Catalogs
- Afinsa-Mundifil No. CA25.
- Michel No. 518.
- Scott No. C30.
- StampWorld No. 531.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 637.
- Yvert et Tellier No. PA20.

The Biópio Dam was completed in 1956 on the course of the Catumbela River, in the Benguela Province, at an elevation of 109 m (357.61 ft) above sea level, and was inaugurated on September 6 of the same year with the name of the Portuguese military and politician Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes. It is 20 m (65.62 ft) high and 178.5 m (5,856.30 ft) long in a linear gravity structure, in concrete, consisting of seven discharge blocks equipped with hydraulically controlled automatic tilting gates. The dam underwent a rehabilitation process starting in 2009.

JAPAN

JAPAN / 日本.

Gunma Prefecture.
Oze Moor in autumn, and Mount Shibutsu.
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 21.05.1998.
Face value: 80 Japanese yen.
Printing; Offset lithography.
Print: 15,900,000 copies.
Size: 26 x 36 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No.2560A.
- Sakura No, R244.
- Scott No. Z244.
- StampWorld No. 2605.
- Stanley Gibbons No. GUNM 5.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2444.

Oze Moor (尾瀬ヶ原) is a high altitude marshland in the Oze National Park. Approximately 8 km² (3.09 sq mi) in size, it is well known for the various species of plants, including the mizu-bashō (White Skunk Cabbage), Nikkōkisuge (yellow alpine lilies, Hemerocallis dumortieri var. esculenta) and Watasuge (Eriophorum vaginatum). It was declared Ramsar Wetland on November 8, 2005.

Mount Shibutsu (至仏山) is a serpentine mountain in the north-east of Gunma Prefecture. It is 2,228 m (7,310 ft). It is part of Oze National Park and the Minakami UNESCO Eco Park.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

CAMEROON

CAMEROON / CAMEROUN (French territory).

Economic and Social Policy "F.I.D.E.S.".
Bridge over the Wouri River. 
Second stamp in a set of 4, issued on 04.06.1956.
Face value: 15 French francs.
Design and engraving: René Cottet (1902-1992).
Printing: Recess.
Size: 40 x 30 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 313.
- Scott No. 327.
- StampWorld No. 313.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 267.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 301.

The Wouri Bridge, 1,830 m (6,004 ft) long, joins Douala to the port of Bonabéri, in the Littoral Region, and carries both road and rail traffic to western Cameroon. It was built between 1951 and 1954 by French companies.

The Wouri forms at the confluence of the rivers Nkam and Makombé, 32 km (20 mi) northeast of the city of Yabassi. It then flows about 160 km (99 mi) southeast to the Wouri estuary at Douala. The river is navigable about 64 km (40 mi) upriver from Douala.

FRANCE

FRANCE.

Lake Lérié and La Meije Mountain.
Stamp issued on 05.07.1943.
Face value: 20 French francs.
Design and engraving: Pierre Gandon (1899-1990).
Printing: Recess.
Print: 1,673,000 copies.
Size: 40 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 594.
- Scott No. 465.
- StampWorld No. 586.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 786.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 582.

Lérié is a small mountain lake, located west of La Grave, in the Hautes-Alpes department. It is located on the Emparis plateau at an altitude of 2,450 m (8,038 ft).

La Meije is a mountain in the Massif des Écrins range, located at the border of the Hautes-Alpes and Isère departments. It is made up of three main summits: the highest point, the Grand Pic de la Meije, is at 3,983 m (13,068 ft). The mountain has three important glaciers: La Meije, Râteau and la Girose (accessible through a cable car built in 1976-1977, which rises to a height of 3,200 m, 10,498 ft). The area has good ski slopes The first ascent of the Grand Pic was made on August 16, 1877 by Emmanuel Boileau de Castelnau with father and son Pierre Gaspard.

Thanks to Daniel Mathieu for his contribution (http://lettresdumonde.blogspot.com/)

CHILE

CHILE.

Country Views.
Lake Villarrica.
Eleventh stamp in a set of 12, issued in 1939.
Face value: 5 Chilean pesos.
Design and engraving: José Moreno Benavente (1905-1981).
Printed by Talleres de Especies Valoradas, Santiago de Chile.
Printing: Recess.
Size: 33 x 30 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 242.
- Scott No. 208.
- Sociedad Filatélica de Chile No. 263.
- StampWorld No. 236.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 278.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 177.

Lake Villarrica (in Mapudungun: Mallalafquén) is located about 700 kilometers south of Santiago in Chile's Araucanía region in the southeast area of the Cautín Province. It is fed by the Trancura river and empties into the Toltén river. Its surface area is 173 km² (67 sq mi), it is elliptical in shape, whose major axis reaches 23 km (14.3 mi) and the smallest 11 km (6.83 mi), and is at a height of 230 m (750 ft) above sea level. The lake has a single, uninhabited island called Aillaquillén, about 300 m (984 ft) in diameter at its largest. The Villarrica Volcano, one of the ten most active in the world, is situated to the south of the lake.

HUNGARY

HUNGARY / MAGYARORSZÁG.

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Antique map of the East Aegean Sea and statue of the Colossus of Rhodes.
Fifth stamp in a set of 7, issued on 29.02.1980.
Face value: 3 Hungarian forint.
Design: László Dudás (1935-2015).
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 387,919 copies.
Size: 44 x 34 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 3314.
- Michel No. 3415A.
- Philatelia Hungarica No. 3387.
- Scott No. 2635.
- StampWorld No. 3438.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 3305.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2713.

The Colossus of Rhodes (Ancient Greek: ὁ Κολοσσὸς Ῥόδιος) was a statue of the Greek sun-god Helios, erected in the city of Rhodes, on the Greek island of the same name in Aegean Sea, by Chares of Lindos in 280 BC. One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, it was constructed to celebrate the successful defence of Rhodes city against an attack by Demetrius Poliorcetes, who had besieged it for a year with a large army and navy. According to most contemporary descriptions, the Colossus stood approximately 70 cubits, or 33 m (108 ft) high making it the tallest statue in the ancient world. It collapsed during the earthquake of 226 BC.

COLOMBIA

COLOMBIA.

Tourist sites.
Tequendama Waterfall (Salto del Tequendama).
Airmail. Fifth stamp in a set of 11, issued on 03.11.1945.
Size: 30 cents of Colombian peso.
Printed by Lito, Colombia.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 1,500,000 copies.
Size: 25.5 x 30.5 mm.

Catalogs
- Leo Temprano No. 566.
- Michel No. 470.
- Scott No. C236.
- StampWorld No. 460.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 626.
- Yvert et Tellier No. PA145.

The Tequendama Falls (Spanish: Salto del Tequendama) is a 132 m (433 ft) high waterfall of the Bogotá River, at a height of 2,385 m (7,825 ft) above sea level, located 32 km (20 mi) southwest of Bogotá in the municipality of Soacha (department of Cundinamarca). The river emerges through a rocky gorge that narrows to about 18 m (59 ft) at the edge of the fall. During the month of December the falls dry up completely.

CHINA PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC

CHINA PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC / 中华人民共和国.

Tian Shan Mountains (天山).
Tianchi Lake.
First stamp in a sef of 4, issued on 08.08.1996.
Face value: 20 Chinese renminbi fēn.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 51 x 31 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 2737.
- Scott No. 2700.
- StampWorld No. 2788.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 4127.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 3413.

Tianchi (Chinese: 天池; Uighur: بوغدا كۆلى) is an alpine lake in Xinjiang, Northwest China. It  lies on the north side of the Bogda Shan range of the Tian Shan. It is an alpine drift lake shaped in the Quaternary Glacier period. The lake is 1,907 m (6,257 ft) above sea level, covering 4.9 km² (1.9 sq mi), 105 m (344 ft) deep at the deepest point. Formerly known as Yaochi ("Jade Lake"), it was named Tianchi in 1783 by Mingliang, the Qing Commander of Urumqi Command.

FINLAND

FINLAND / SUOMI.

Archipelago National Park.
Stamp issued on 25.04.1997.
Face value: 4.30 Finnish markka.
Design: Pirkko Vahtero (b. 1936).
Printed by rhe Bank of Finland Security Printing House.
Printing: Offset lithography and recess.
Print: 4,000,000 copies.
Size: 34 x 24 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 1372.
- Michel No. 1383.
- Scott No. 1040.
- StampWorld No. 1396.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 983.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1349.

Archipelago National Park (Finnish: Saaristomeren kansallispuisto; Swedish: Skärgårdshavets nationalpark) is located in Baltic Sea, Southwest Finland. It was established in 1983 and covers 500 km² (193 sq mi) of land areas, a huge land area considering that the area mostly is outer archipelago with few islands even 1 km² - and the big ones are inhabited and mostly privately owned and thus not part of the national park. It is part of the UNESCO biosphere reserves and received a PAN Parks certificate in 2007.

SOVIET UNION

SOVIET UNION / СОЮЗ СОВЕТСКИХ СОЦИАЛИСТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСПУБЛИК.

50th Anniversary of Barguzin Nature Reserve (Buryatia).
Map of the Reserve on the shores of Lake Baikal and fauna.
First stamp in a set of 2, issued on 25.06.1966.
Face value: 4 Soviet kopek.
Design: Aleksei Sementsov-Ogievsky.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 4,000,000 copies.
Size: 84 x 30 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 3207.
- Michel No. 3233.
- Scott No. 3218.
- StampWorld No. 3024.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 3308.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2115.
- Zagorsky Bo. 3207.

Barguzin Nature Reserve (Russian: Баргузинский заповедник) is located in Buryatia (Russian Federation) on the west slope of the Barguzin Range, including the northeast shores of the Lake Baikal and a part of the lake itself. The name of the preserve (and the range) comes from the Barguzin River. The area of the reserve is 2,482 km² (958 sq mi). It was created in December 29, 1916 to preserve and increase the numbers of Barguzin Sable (Martes zibellina). Mountainous and taiga landscapes are also being preserved. Since 1986 it has been included in the list of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. In the reserve the elk, the musk deer, the white hare, the brown bear, the shrew and the black-capped marmot are preserved among other animals; Baikal omul, sturgeon, grayling, taimen, lenok and other species of fish are found in the lake's waters. Taiga of cedar, fir and larch dominate at higher altitudes.

HAITI

HAITI / HAÏTI.

3rd Pan American Sport Games, Chicago.
Jean Baptiste Paul Dessables and Region of Lake Michigan map.
Third stamp in a set of 3, issued on 27.08.1959.
Face value: 75 cents of Haitian gourde.
Printed by Staatsdruckerei, Wien.
Printing: Photogravure.
Size: 34 x 45 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 582.
- Scott No. 450.
- StampWorld No. 570.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 651.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 422.

Jean Baptiste Paul Dessables (or Jean Baptiste Point Du Sable) born in Saint-Marc, in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (present-day Haiti), between 1745 and 1750 and died in Saint Charles, in the present American state of Mossouri in 1818, he was the first inhabitant of the city of Chicago, of which he is considered the founder. He was a mulatto, the son of a French sailor and a former slave of African origin. In 1765 he arrived in New Orleans, then under Spanish control, traced the Mississippi River to the current state of Illinois, and in 1779 he settled in the place where Chicago currently stands (thirty years before the construction of Fort Dearborn), where he built a house. He was not officially recognized as the founder of Chicago until 1968.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

AUSTRALIA

AUSTRALIA.

Navigators.
William Dampier (1651-1715) and ship "Roebuck".
Stamp issued on 25.11.1964.
Face value: 5 Australian shilling.
Design: Walter Jardine (1884-1970).
Engraving: P. E. Morriss.
Printing: Recess.
Print: 4,789,317 copies.
Size: 24 x 28 mm.

Catalogs
- Brusden-White No.405.
- Michel No. 332.
- Scott No. 375.
- Seven Seas No. 387.
- StampWorld No. 331.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 356.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 300.

William Dampier (1651 - 1715) was an English explorer, pirate, privateer, navigator, and naturalist who became the first Englishman to explore parts of what is today Australia, and the first person to circumnavigate the world three times. He has also been described as Australia's first natural historian. The publication of the book A New Voyage Round the World (1697) was a popular sensation, creating interest at the Admiralty. In 1699, Dampier was given command of the 26-gun warship HMS Roebuck, with the mission was to explore the east coast of New Holland, the name given by the Dutch to what is now Australia.

AFGHANISTAN

AFGHANISTAN / افغانستان

International Tourist Year.
Simplified map of Afghanistan and emblem of the International Tourist Year.
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 16.05.1967.
Face value: 6 afghani.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 150,000 copies.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 988A.
- Scott No. 750.
- StampWorld No. 1017.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 593.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 835.

On November 4, 1966, the United Nations General Assembly designated 1967 as the International Tourist Year, with the slogan "Tourism, Passport to Peace." Many countries issued stamps with the representation of the official emblem.

BASUTOLAND

BASUTOLAND (now Lesotho).

Definitive stamps.
Orange River and Queen Elizabeth II.
Second stamp in a set of 11, issued on 18.10.1954.
Face value: 1 British penny.
Printed by De La Rue & Co. Ltd., Basingstoke (England).
Printing: Recess.
Size: 32 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 47.
- Scott No. 47.
- StampWorld No. 47.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 44.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 47.

The Orange is the longest river in southern Africa. Its total length is 2,432 km (1,511 miles), its basin stretching from Lesotho to South Africa and Namibia to the north. It has its sources in the Drakensberg Mountains in Lesotho and flows west through South Africa to the Atlantic Ocean. The river is part of the international borders between South Africa and Lesotho and between South Africa and Namibia.

POLAND

POLAND / POLSKA.

Tourist attractions.
Dunajec River Gorge in Pieniny Mountains.
Sixth stamp in a set of 9, issued on 15.09.1966.
Face value: 1.15 Polish złotych.
Design: Tadeusz Michaluk (b. 1938).
Engraving: Barbara Kowalska.
Printed by PWPW (Polska Wytwórnia Papierów Wartościowych), Warszawa.
Printing: Recess.
Print: 32,000,000 copies.
Size: 32 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 1595.
- Fischer No. 1562.
- Michel No. 1710.
- Scott No. 1444.
- StampWorld No. 1704.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1689.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1560.

The Dunajec River Gorge (Polish: Przełom Dunajca; Slovak: Prielom Dunajca) runs through the Pieniny Mountains (a section of Western Berkids) in the south of Poland and the north of Slovakia (as Dunajec is the border river between the two countries in the area). The gorge is located within the Pieniny National Park and is characterized by some of the most interesting geological and geomorphological structures and area-specific natural ecosystems with little anthropogenic influence.

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Thanks to Sylvester Dulewski for his contribution (https://birdsposta.blogspot.com/).

MARSHALL ISLANDS

MARSHALL ISLANDS / AORŌKIN M̧AJEĻ

Definitive stamps.
Map of Ebon Atoll.
Third stamp in a set of 10, issued on 12.06.1984.
Face value: 5 cents of US dollar.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 20 x 23 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 7A.
- Scott No. 37.
- StampWorld No. 7.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 7.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 47.

Ebon (Marshallese: Epoon) is a coral atoll of 22 islands in the Pacific Ocean, forming a legislative district of the Ralik Chain of the Marshall Islands. Its land area is 5.75 km² (2.22 sq mi), and it encloses a deep lagoon with an area of ​​104 km² (40 sq mi). A winding passage, the Ebon Channel, leads to the lagoon from the southwest edge of the atoll. In documents and accounts from the 1800s, it was also known as Boston, Covell's Group, Fourteen Islands, and Linnez. Ebon Atoll was visited by commercial whaling vessels in the 19th century. The first such vessel on record was the Newark in 1837. Missionaries sent by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in Boston began missionary activities in the Marshall Islands in 1857, establishing a mission at Ebon. The atoll was claimed by the Empire of Germany along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1884, and the Germans established a trading outpost. After World War I, the island came under the South Seas Mandate of the Empire of Japan, which had a garrison there late in World War II. At the end of WW II, Ebon Atoll became a part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands under the control of the United States, until the independence of the Marshall Islands in 1986. In 2011, the population of the atoll was 706 people.

ALDERNEY

ALDERNEY.

Historical maps.
Herman Moll's Map (1724).
First stamp in a set of 5, issued on 07.07.1989.
Face value: 12 Guernsey penny.
Design: John E. Cooter.
Printed by Joh. Enschedé Stamps, Haarlem, Netherlands.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 48.3 x 32.3 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 37.
- Michel No. 37.
- Scott No. 37.
- StampWorld No. 37.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 37.
- Unificato No. 37.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 37.

Herman Moll (1654? -1732) was a cartographer, engraver, and publisher, probably originally from the Netherlands. In 1678 he opened a book and map store in London. He produced maps from his studies of the work of other cartographers. In the 1690s he published his first major independent work, the successful Thesaurus Geographicus, a comprehensive description of the Earth from compilations by the leading geographers and travelers of his day. He later published a book with 56 new and accurate maps of the British Isles, and between 1711 and 1717 he published, in monthly deliveries, his Atlas Geographus, which was followed by other outstanding works.

BULGARIA

BULGARIA / БЪЛГАРИЯ.

Vasil Kolarov (now: Golyan Beglik) Dam.
First stamp in a set of 5, issued on 16.05.1952.
Face value: 4 Bulgarian stotinki.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 15,000,000 copies.
Size: 30.5 x 26.5 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 813.
- Scott No. 770.
- StampWorld No. 803.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 857.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 710.

Golyam Beglik is a 4,126 km² (1,593 sq mi) reservoir on the Kriva River located in the Pazardzhik Province, in the western Rhodope Mountains. Construction of the dam began in 1956 and was officially inaugurated on November 18, 1951 under the name of the communist leader Vasil Kolarov, a name that remained until June 11, 1999. It was originally designed as an irrigation dam, but later used for hydroelectric plants. The levee is 46.50 m (152.56 ft) high and 191 m (627 ft) long. The top of the wall is 1,528.5 m (5,015 ft) above sea level.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

VENEZUELA

VENEZUELA.

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries Conference, Caracas.
Auyán-tepuy and Carrao River.
Fifth stamp in a set of 10, issued on 26.09.2000.
Face value: 300 Venezuelan bolívares.
Design: Ana Carolina Palmero.
Printed by Gráficas Armitano, Caracas.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 20,000 copies.
Size: 38 x 32 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 3398.
- Scott No. 1616e.
- StampWorld No. 3427.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 3654.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2169E.

Auyán-tepui is a tepui in Bolívar state, in the Guiana Highlands, within Canaima National Park, with a summit area of 666.9 km² (257.5 sq mi). The unevenly heart-shaped summit plateau of Auyán-tepui is heavily inclined, rising from around 1,600 m (5,200 ft) in the northwest to a maximum of 2,450 m (8,040 ft) in the southeast. The mountain hosts a number of extensive cave systems.

The Carrao River is part of the Orinoco River basin. It is well known for one of its main tributaries, the Churún River, which feeds the Angel Falls. It flows mainly through the Canaima National Park. It empties into the Caroní River, one of the main tributaries of the Orinoco in Venezuela.

SPAIN

SPAIN / ESPAÑA.

Issue EUROPA (C.E.P.T).
Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park.
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 02.05.1977.
Face value: 12 Spanish pesetas.
Printed by F.N.M.T. (Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre), Madrid.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 8,000,000 copies.
Size: 45 x 33 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 2399.
- Edifil No. 2414.
- Michel No. 2300.
- Scott No. 2042.
- StampWorld No. 2306.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 2463.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2053.

Ordesa and Monte Perdido National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido; Aragonese: Parque Nacional d’Ordesa y d’as Tres Serols) is situated in the Pyrenees, into the Huesca Province (Aragon). There has been a National Park in the Ordesa Valley since August 16, 1918. Its protected area was enlarged on July 13, 1982 to cover the whole region (including Monte Perdido), amounting to 156.08 km² (6,026.28 sq mi). Its altitude ranges between 700 m (2,296 ft) on the Bellos River and 3,348 m (7,375 ft) on the Monte Perdido. In 1977 it was declared a Biosphere Reserve, in 1988 a Special Protection Area for birds and in 1997 a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The basic morphology of the park is due to two orogenies, but mainly to the alpine folding and elevation of the Tertiary era, later shaped by glacial erosion during the Quaternary era, giving rise to a series of very defined glacial cirques and valleys, such as the Ordesa Valley (represented on the stamp) and the Pineta Valley.

ITALY

ITALY / ITALIA.

Completion of the Flumendosa - Mulargia Irrigation System.
Map of Sardinia, Nuraghe Arrubiu dam, and peasant.
Stamp issued on 01.02.1958.
Face value: 25 Italian lire.
Design: Corrado Mancioli (1904-1968) & Amilcare Santini (1910-1975).
Engraving: Mario Colombati (1912-?).
Printed by Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, Officina Carte e Valori, Roma.
Printing: Recess.
Print: 10,000,000 copies.
Size: 40 x 24 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 1004.
- Sassone No. 826.
- Scott No. 738.
- StampWorld No. 980.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 961.
- Unificato No. 826.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 753.

The Flumendosa is a river of southern Sardinia. With a length of 127 km (79 mi), it is the second longest river of the island behind the Tirso. Its springs are located in the Gennargentu massif, at the foot of the Monte Armidda; it flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea. Its path is barred at two different points by massive dams. The first dam, built between 1948 and 1949, forms the Upper Flumendosa Lake. The second dam, built between 1952 and 1958 at the height of the Nuraghe Arrubiu, is used for the production of electricity and irrigation. A 6 km (3.73 mi) long tunnel connects it to the nearby lake Mulargia, where a system of water pipes begins, partly in the tunnel and partly on the surface, which carries water to irrigate the plain at the Campidano di Cagliari and to supplying drinking water to the city of Cagliari and about forty smaller towns.

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Thanks to Fadda Giuseppe for his contribution.

GERMAN REICH

GERMAN REICH / DEUTSCHES REICH.

Winter Charity: Ostmark Landscapes and Alpine Flowers.
Mount Grossglockner, Carinthia & East Tyrol, Austria, and edelweiss.
Fourth stamp in a set of 9, issued on 18.11.1938.
Face value: 6 + 4 German reichspfennig.
Design and engraving: Maria & Werner von Axster-Heudtlass.
Printing: Recess.
Size: 27 x 32 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 675.
- Michel No. 678.
- Scott No. B126.
- StampWorld No. 670.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 666.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 619.

The Grossglockner is, at 3,798 m (12,461 ft) above the Adriatic Sea, is the highest mountain in Austria and the highest mountain in the Alps east of the Brenner Pass. It is part of the larger Glockner Group of the Hohe Tauern range, situated along the main ridge of the Central Eastern Alps, on the border of the Austrian states of Carinthia and East Tyrol. The Pasterze, Austria's most extended glacier, lies on the Grossglockner's eastern slope. The first known ascent took place on July 28, 1800, by five members of an expedition led by Count Franz-Xaver of Salm-Raifferscheid: Sepp and Martin Klotz, Martin Reicher, Matthias Hautzendorfer and another person from the the identity is unknown.

A typical alpine flower, the edelweiss (Leontopolium nivale), appears on the stamp.

LEBANON

LEBANON / لُبْنَان

Lebanese Landscapes.
Jounieh Bay.
Airmail. Second stamp in a set of 10, issued on 27.06.1947.
Face value: 10 Lebanese piastre.
Design: M. Farrouk.
Engraving: I. C., Beyrouth.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Size: 40 x 25 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 362.
- Scott No. C120.
- StampWorld No. 363.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 343.
- Yvert et Tellier No. PA20.

Jounieh (جونيه) Bay is located on the Mediterranean coast, a few kilometers south of the Lebanese capital, Beirut. On its shores is the city of the same name, capital of the Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate, famous for its port, its spa, its casino and its nightlife. The largest population of Maronite Catholics in the world is concentrated there. It is estimated that in 2016 the city had a population of 115,000 inhabitants (430,000 with its metropolitan area). On its territory is the Beirut International Airport. A cable car takes passengers up the mountain to the shrine of Our Lady of Lebanon in Harissa.

ANDORRA

ANDORRA (Spanish Post).

Tourism.
Encamp Valley.
First stamp in a set of 4, issued on 04.07.1972.
Face value: 1 Spanish peseta.
Printed by F.N.M.T. (Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre), Madrid.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 350,000 copies.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 70.
- Edifil No. 73.
- Michel No. 72.
- Scott No. 63.
- StampWorld No. 70.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 68.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 65. 

The Encamp Valley (Catalan, Vall d'Encamp), also known as the East Valley (Catalan: Vall d'Orient) is located in the Andorran parish of Encamp, in the center of the country, northwest of its capital, Andorra la Vella. It is formed by the Valira d'Orient river and there are several towns, including Encamp (approximately 8,800 inhabitants) and Les Bons (1,180 inhabitants), at about 1,300 m (4,265 ft) above sea level. The road that leads to France through Pas de la Casa runs through it.

SWITZERLAND

SWITZERLAND / SCHWEITZ - SUISSE - SVIZZERA - SVIZRA.

Swiss Alps.
Mount Matterhorn - Cervino - Cervin.
First stamp in a set of 2, issued on 01.06.1965.
Face value: 10 cents of Swiss franc.
Design: Edi Hauri (1911-1988).
Printed by Courvoisier-Attinger Arts Graphiques S.A., Biel/Bienne.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 10,057,000 copies.
Size: 36 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- Michel No. 820.
- Scott No. 467.
- StampWorld No. 814.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 586.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 753.
- Zumstein No. 433.

The Matterhorn; in Italian, Cervino; in French Cervin, is an isolated mountain of the Alps, straddling the main watershed and border between Switzerland and Italy. It is a large, near-symmetric pyramidal peak whose summit is 4,478 m (14,692 ft) high. The mountain overlooks the Swiss town of Zermatt, in the canton of Valais, to the north-east and the Italian town of Breuil-Cervinia in the Aosta Valley to the south. The first ascent of the Matterhorn was in July 1865 from Zermatt by a party led by Edward Whymper; just three days later, on 17 July 1865, Jean-Antoine Carrel and Jean-Baptiste Bich reached the summit from the Italian side.

ARGENTINA

ARGENTINA.

Argentine Provinces.
Sierra de la Ventana, Buenos Aires Province.
First stamp in a set of 4, issued on 08.10.1977.
Face value: 30 Argentine pesos ley.
Printed by Casa de Moneda, Buenos Aires.
Printing: Offset lithography.
Print: 500,000 copies.
Size: 66 x 30 mm.

Catalogs
- Cefiloza No. 1321.
- Götig and Jalil No. 1799.
- Michel No. 1312.
- Scott No. 1151.
- StampWorld No. 1336.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 1570.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 1101.

The Ventania System belongs to the Southern Sierras of Buenos Aires Province. The mountain range system has a length of 195 km (121.16 mi) from northwest to southwest. Its highest peaks are Cerro Tres Picos, 1,239 m (4,065 ft), Destierro Primero, 1,172 m (3,845 ft), Cerro Ventana, 1,134 m (3,720 ft), Napostá Grande, 1,108 m (3,635 ft), Cura Malal Grande, 1,037 m (3,402 ft), and Cura Malal Chico, 1,000 m (3,281 ft). British naturalist Charles Darwin described his ascent of the Sierra de la Ventana range in the sixth chapter of his work The Voyage of the Beagle.

SWEDEN

SWEDEN / SVERIGE.

750th Anniversary of Stockholm.
Stadsholmen Island in an ancient gravure.
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 21.03.2002.
Face value: 10 Swedish krona.
Design and engraving: Lars Sjööblom (b. 1956). 
Printed by Sweden Post Stamps.
Printing: Recess.
Size: 31 x 31 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 2214.
- Facit No. 2307.
- Michel No. 2290.
- Scott No. 2433.
- StampWorld No. 2292.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 2216.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 2272.

Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, is currently made up of 14 islands where Lake Mälaren empties into the Baltic Sea. The first mention of the city ─ which was reduced then to the island of Stadsholmen (the one that reproduces the engraving on the stamp), where the current Gamla Stan is located ─ is from the year 1252. It was founded by Birger Jarl, with the aim of to protect Sweden from invasions by foreign fleets and to be able to put an end to looting in towns on the shores of the lake. The first building built was a fort that controlled maritime traffic between the sea and the lake. Under the influence of Magnus Ladulås, it prospered thanks to its commercial relations with Lübeck. It was part of the Hanseatic League. In 1270, it is described in documents as a true city, and in 1289 it is already the largest city in Sweden.

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Thanks to Dragan Buškulić for his contribution (https://worldofstamp2.wordpress.com/).

ICELAND

ICELAND / ÍSLAND.

Norden issue.
Urriðafoss (waterfall).
Second stamp in a set of 2, issued on 24.03.1983.
Face value: 5 krónor.
Printing: Photogravure.
Print: 1,000,000 copies.
Size: 39 x 26 mm.

Catalogs
- AFA No. 597.
- Michel No. 597.
- Scott No. 572.
- StampWorld No. 598.
- Stanley Gibbons No. 627.
- Yvert et Tellier No. 550.

Urriðafoss is a waterfall located in the river Þjórsá in southwest Iceland. With a flow rate of 360 m³ / s, it has the highest average water flow of any waterfall in the country. The highest part of the waterfall is 6 m (19.68 ft) high. In winter, ice floes up to 20 m (65.6 ft) thick can form. Currently it is planned to build an underground hydroelectric plant to produce energy from the waterfall, which is a controversial decision because it could make it disappear and is the reason for protests by the population of the area.